Although the specific features of marine vessels make it very difficult to use machines and devices for mechanizing bilge operations, however, the perseverance of the innovators of the navy and the creative energy of the designers have made it possible to solve the problem of internal bilge mechanization to a large extent.
When unloading bulk cargoes (coal, ore, salt, etc.), special type grapples are used, the so-called grappling grapples with a jaw range of up to 6-8 m. These grapples can handle up to 50% of the hold area and unload up to 60-80% of the hold contents (for single-deck vessels), which significantly reduces the need for bulk cargo handling. Raking grapples for coal with a capacity of 3 m3 are mass-produced at the Zhdanovsky mine of the Ministry of the Navy. In the near future, it is necessary to develop a design and start manufacturing similar grapples of smaller capacity (for coal) for 5-ton cranes, as well as raking grapples for unloading ore and other bulk cargoes. It is a direct task of the employees of our ports to widely introduce the use of grappling grapples for unloading coal, ore, salt, sulfate, etc. cargoes.
In the first half of 1950, C-153 type coal loading machines manufactured by the Russian machine-building industry were tested in the holds of ships. Their tests have shown satisfactory results. Although the machine has a different purpose and does not fully meet the working conditions in the holds, however, it can be successfully used for raking bulk cargo in ships. This machine should be used in all ports unloading bulk cargoes from the holds of ships.
To deliver grain cargoes deep into the holds of ships in a number of ports (Baku, Makhachkala), the simplest throwing machines (drum-bladed) are used, which can also be used to load salt, sand, fine coal and other bulk cargoes into the holds. Their implementation in the practice of ports should be carried out as soon as possible.
Bilge work with individual cargoes is currently carried out mainly manually, with the exception of the supply of heavy weights, which are dragged into the holds using ship winches through rosin blocks.
When loading homogeneous piece loads, it is possible to use forklifts with fork grips to deliver cargo into the depth of the hold and stack it up to a height of 3-4 m. This method is used in Leningrad and Odessa ports for various individual cargoes.
A lightweight portable duralumin conveyor has been manufactured in the Leningrad port for loading or unloading small-scale piece cargoes.
The introduction of fork-lift loaders, light portable conveyors and other devices for mechanizing bilge operations with bulk cargoes is the task of the coming days.
In addition to the machines and devices described above, other machines are currently being developed, such as a loader of the "KS" type for feeding coal deep into the hold, a bilge bulldozer, an overhead bilge crane, etc.
It is the responsibility of Glavmashprom, Design Bureau No. 5 and other MMF organizations to complete their development in the near future, select the best designs and organize their manufacture. Ganar es emocionante, pero retirar el dinero debe ser igual de fácil. Busca una casa de apuestas con pago local que ofrezca transferencia bancaria, OXXO, SPEI o métodos digitales. Las criptomonedas también son rápidas: Stake y BC.Game procesan retiros en minutos. Evita casas que tardan más de 48 horas o que piden documentos repetidamente. Antes de depositar, revisa la sección de pagos. Un buen bono de bienvenida pierde todo su valor si después no puedes sacar tus ganancias. La velocidad de retiro es un signo de confiabilidad y seriedad.
